About the authors
| First name, Middle name, Last name, Scientific degree, Scientific rank, Current position. Full and brief name of the organization, The organization address. | Galina N. Aidarova, doctor of architecture, professor, Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering, Kazan, Russian Federation. E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it Valery N. Kupriyanov, doctor of technical sciences, professor, corresponding member of the RAACS, Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering, Kazan, Russian Federation Email: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it Ilizar T. Mirsayapov, doctor of technical sciences, professor, Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering, Kazan, Russian Federation E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it |
| Title of the article | Syuyumbike Tower in the context of the architectural typology of Eastern Muslim and Bulgaro-Tatar towers and tower minarets |
| Abstract. | Problem statement. The Syuyumbike Tower is an architectural monument of world importance, which is a part of the Kazan Kremlin ensemble under the protection of UNESCO. It has no exact attribution. The existing hypothetical dating covers the first half of the 16th–first third of the 18th centuries. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the hypothesis about the possibility of creating the Syuyumbike Tower in the Kazan-Khan construction period as an object of civil and religious purposes as a part of the Khans palace complex. The tasks include: identifying analogues of tower architecture of the Islamic Middle Ages, identifying the architectural and typological characteristics of the Syuyumbike Tower in comparison with regional and Eastern Muslim civil-cult tower architecture, as well as with regional fortification and civil tower structures; identification of structural-typological, socio-functional characteristics of Syuyumbike tower in the context of Islamic regional traditions. Results. Based on the analysis of literary, natural and information-illustrative sources, tower-type minarets of the 9th-16th centuries were identified and classified. On the basis of analogues, the types and features of the tower minarets of Bilyar and Bolgar (cylindrical-tiered) are determined, the types of towers are hypothetically determined on the basis of archaeological and historical-architectural research data: «Small town» in the Bolgar settlement (over-gate-tiered type); towers of the Kazan Kremlin: North tower-prismatic structure; fortification-gate at the Tezitsky moat, non-fortification-gate at the Khans court. On the basis of a comparative analysis, the typological characteristics of the Syuyumbike Tower were revealed. Conclusions. Based on the results of a comparative typological analysis, it was hypothetically established that the Syuyumbike Tower is in the context of the Bulgaro-Tatar traditions of tower architecture, tower minarets, which is a natural stage in their development. According to the sum of the identified features, the type of the Syuyumbike Tower was hypothetically established as a gate tower for civil and religious purposes, which has a polygonal-tiered structure; the purpose corresponds to the functions: patrol and observation (control of the surrounding territory), religious (minaret), administrative, astronomical. The significance of the obtained results lies in the substantiation of the scientific hypothesis about the possible belonging of the Syuyumbike Tower to the construction period of the first half of the 16th century as part of the Khans Palace complex, as well as the need for further research based on the latest instrumental methods. |
| Keywords. | typological and classification features, types of Eastern Muslim and Bulgaro-Tatar towers and tower minarets, gate minaret. |
| For citations: | Aidarova G. N., Kupriyanov V. N., Mirsayapov Ilizar T. Syuyumbike Tower in the context of the architectural typology of Eastern Muslim and Bulgaro-Tatar towers and tower minarets//News KSUAE. 2023. №1 (63), p. 159-174, DOI: 10.52409/20731523_2023_1_159, EDN: RQCSNM |
