About the authors
| First name, Middle name, Last name, Scientific degree, Scientific rank, Current position. Full and brief name of the organization, The organization address. | Nazarova I.V. – candidate of architecture, assistant professor E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering The organization address: 420043, Russia, Kazan, Zelenaya st., 1 |
| Title of the article | Morphological features of formation of Volga-Kama fortresses of the XVI-XVIIth centuries |
| Abstract. | Fortifications of Volga-Kama of the Russian period belong to the special group of defensive constructions, because the most of them were built on the places of the Bulgar-Tatar fortresses. Chronological boundaries from the middle of the XVIth until the end of the XVIIth centuries are the most indicative in formation and development of defensive architecture of Volga-Kama of the Moscow period. The author analyzes the key historical, archaeological and archival sources within the stated issue. System of the strengthened cities of the Russian state on the attached lands of Volga-Kama are forest lines and fortresses. Defense lines were direct continuation of the general defensive system of the Russian state. Sentry fortresses were included into the structure of defensive lines and into their suburbs. Similarly, there were fortresses on the close and remote approaches to the Kazan Kremlin. The morphology of fortresses of Volga-Kama of the XVI-XVII centuries is revealed. The Moscow state actively used regional system of placement of the bulgaro-Tatar defensive objects – zasechny lines, fortified cities and the strengthened settlements. Questions of defense of these territories were earlier fulfilled within the former states by Volga Kama of Bulgaria, the Bulgar ulus of the Golden Horde and the Kazan Khanate. |
| Keywords. | Fortress city, the Kremlin, Volga- Kamya, abatis line. |
| For citations: | Nazarova I.V. Morphological features of formation of Volga-Kama fortresses of the XVI-XVIIth centuries // Izvestiya KGASU. 2013. №3(25) P.13-20. |
