Анкета автора(ов)
| Фамилия, имя, отчество, учёная степень, звание, должность. Полное и сокращённое наименование организации, адрес организации. | Надырова Д.А. – аспирант, ассистент E-mail: Этот e-mail адрес защищен от спам-ботов, для его просмотра у Вас должен быть включен Javascript Казанский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет Адрес организации: 420043, Россия, г. Казань, ул. Зелёная, д. 1 |
| Название статьи. | Архитектурно-планировочные решения городских начальных училищ Казани, 1912-1914 гг. |
| Аннотация. | Данная статья посвящена этапу проектирования и строительства начальных городских училищ в начале ХХ века в Казани. Рассматривается деятельность архитектора М.С. Григорьева, связанная со строительством училищных зданий в Казани по заказу городских властей. Она развернулась в 1912-1914 гг. вследствие правительственного указа от 3 мая 1908 года об увеличении государственного финансирования Министерства народного просвещения, вызванного подготовкой к переходу к всеобщему бесплатному начальному образованию. В работе исследуются не привлекавшиеся ранее и впервые введенные автором в научный оборот исторические проектные чертежи. |
| Ключевые слова. | Городские начальные училища, архитектура, городские власти Казани, архитектор М.С. Григорьев. |
| First name, Middle name, Last name, Scientific degree, Scientific rank, Current position. Full and brief name of the organization, The organization address. | Nadyrova D.A. – post-graduate student, assistant E-mail: Этот e-mail адрес защищен от спам-ботов, для его просмотра у Вас должен быть включен Javascript Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering The organization address: 420043, Russia, Kazan, Zelenaya st., 1 |
| Title of the article | Architectural and planning solutions of the urban elementary schools of Kazan, 1912-1914 |
| Abstract. | The reform of education in Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th century and the adoption of the act on universal compulsory primary education at the beginning of the twentieth century led to the emergence of new types of educational institutions in Russia. Thousands of schools were opened in Russia annually. If at the beginning schools were housed in hired premises due to lack of sufficient funds, which were not adapted for training activities, now were built separate buildings for them. Projects were developed, having as a model and individual character. This article is devoted to the stage of designing and building of urban elementary schools of Kazan in 1912-1914. The analysis of space-planning decisions of schools in that period showed that it was two-storied, less than three-storey with illuminated ground floors building, «L», «U»-shaped, less than a rectangular shape with a corridor system of planning and one-sided arrangement of classes. Facade decoration maintained mostly in the style of rational art Nouveau. Architect M.S. Grigoriev made a great contribution to the design of buildings elementary school of Kazan. Most of the objects were built to his designs at the request of the city authorities. This suggests a particular specialization in the creativity of the architects of Kazan, which has a positive impact on the quality of the projects. The schools designed by Grigoriev, were built according to modern requirements to educational buildings. In the design of buildings of schools were represented stylistic searches of the time and creative style of the architect. Most of these buildings have survived up to the present time and are used for its intended purpose. |
| Keywords. | Urban elementary schools, architecture, the city authorities of Kazan, architect M.S. Grigoriev. |
| Для цитирования: | Надырова Д.А. Архитектурно-планировочные решения городских начальных училищ Казани, 1912-1914 гг. // Известия КГАСУ. 2012. №2(20) С.22-27. |
| For citations: | Nadyrova D.A. Architectural and planning solutions of the urban elementary schools of Kazan, 1912-1914 // Izvestiya KGASU. 2012. №2(20) P.22-27. |
